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伪本地化：无需真实翻译即可测试 i18n 就绪情况

真实翻译需要时间和费用。伪本地化会将源字符串转换为可读但明显虚假的文本，立即暴露 i18n 缺陷：硬编码字符串、文本溢出、RTL 问题和串联问题。

1

什么是伪本地化？

伪本地化会将源字符串中的字符替换为外观相似的重音或扩展字符，添加文本扩展填充，并用方括号包裹字符串。结果对开发者仍然可读，但与真实文本明显不同，因此很容易发现未使用翻译函数包装的字符串。

Pseudo-localization examples
// Pseudo-localization transforms your source strings
// to simulate translation without real translators

// Original:
"Welcome to our application"

// Accented (simulates diacritics):
"[Ẁëľčöṁë ţö öüŕ àṗṗľïčàţïöñ]"

// Expanded (simulates text expansion ~30%):
"[Weeelcooomee tooo ouuur aaappliiicaaatiiioon]"

// Mirrored (simulates RTL layout):
"[noitacilppa ruo ot emocleW]"

// Brackets make untranslated strings immediately visible
伪本地化是发现 i18n 缺陷最快的方式。生成只需几秒，无需费用，还能发现在使用真实语言测试前看不到的问题。每个 i18n 就绪项目都应在委托真实翻译前使用它。
2

在项目中使用

安装 i18n-pseudo 并对区域设置文件运行。该工具会自动检测文件格式并生成伪本地化版本，您可将其作为测试区域设置加载到应用中。

Issues caught by pseudo-localization
// 1. Hardcoded strings (not wrapped in t())
// Pseudo strings have brackets/accents, so untranslated
// strings are immediately obvious in the UI

// 2. Text truncation
// Expanded text reveals buttons and labels that break
// when translations are longer than English

// 3. Layout issues
// Accented characters reveal font rendering problems
// RTL mode reveals directional layout bugs

// 4. Concatenation bugs
// "Hello " + name vs t('greeting', { name })
// Pseudo-localization breaks concatenated strings

// 5. Missing i18n wrappers
// Any string not going through the i18n system
// appears as plain English among pseudo text
开发期间，在应用的语言切换器中添加 'pseudo' 区域设置。开发者切换到该设置后，未翻译字符串会立即显现。发布到生产环境前请移除伪区域设置。
3

7 种转换策略

i18n-pseudo 提供 7 种转换策略，每种测试 i18n 实现的不同方面。可单独使用以进行针对性测试，也可通过预设组合使用以全面覆盖。

Pseudo-localization strategies
// Strategy 1: Accented characters
// Replace ASCII with similar-looking Unicode
// a -> à, e -> ë, o -> ö, etc.
// Preserves readability while testing rendering

// Strategy 2: Text expansion
// Pad strings to simulate longer translations
// German is ~30% longer, Finnish ~40% longer
// Helps catch UI overflow early

// Strategy 3: Brackets/wrappers
// Wrap strings in [brackets] or «guillemets»
// Makes untranslated strings visually obvious

// Strategy 4: Bidi/RTL
// Mirror text for right-to-left testing
// Catches layout issues before Arabic/Hebrew testing

// Strategy 5: Combined
// Apply all strategies simultaneously
// Maximum coverage in one pass
4

5 种内置预设

预设将多种策略组合为常用配置。可使用预设快速测试，也可根据特定需求创建自定义组合。

CLI & Configuration
// Using i18n-pseudo CLI
npx i18n-pseudo generate \
  --source locales/en.json \
  --output locales/pseudo.json \
  --preset accented

# Available presets:
# accented  - Ḣëľľö Ẁöŕľð (default)
# expanded  - Heeellooo Wooorld
# mirrored  - dlroW olleH
# brackets  - [Hello World]
# maximum   - [Ḣëëëľľľöööö Ẁöööŕŕŕľľľðððð]

// i18n-pseudo.config.json
{
  "source": "locales/en.json",
  "output": "locales/pseudo.json",
  "preset": "maximum",
  "expansion": 1.4,
  "wrapper": ["[", "]"],
  "exclude": [
    "*.url",
    "*.email",
    "branding.*"
  ]
}
5

CI/CD 集成

在 CI 中运行伪本地化，自动检测 i18n 回归。生成伪本地化文件、呈现关键屏幕并与基准屏幕截图比较。屏幕截图中任何未转换文本都表示回归，即出现绕过翻译函数的新硬编码字符串。

.github/workflows/pseudo-check.yml
# .github/workflows/pseudo-check.yml
name: Pseudo-Localization Check

on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - 'src/**'

jobs:
  pseudo-test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: 20

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: Generate pseudo locale
        run: npx i18n-pseudo generate \
          --source locales/en.json \
          --output locales/pseudo.json \
          --preset maximum

      - name: Build with pseudo locale
        run: npm run build
        env:
          NEXT_PUBLIC_LOCALE: pseudo

      - name: Run visual regression tests
        run: npx playwright test --project=pseudo
        env:
          LOCALE: pseudo

立即试用 i18n Agent

将翻译文件拖放到此处

JSON, YAML, PO, XML, CSV, Markdown, Properties

或点击选择文件

目标语言

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伪本地化常见问题